The doctor can use imaging to examine the structure of the woman's pelvic cavity, assess the size, location and function of the ovaries and fallopian tubes, for congenital or abnormal tumors (such as ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids) and other abnormalities (such as endometrial growth)

Indications for gynecologic ultrasound examination :
・ Severe menstrual pain
・ Irregular menstrual cycle
・ Lower abdominal pain
・ Abnormal uterine structure
・ Postmenopausal bleeding
・ Abnormal vaginal bleeding
・ Early pregnancy
・ Bleeding or uterine contractions during pregnancy

You should keep your bladder empty before the examination.

During the procedure, a probe is inserted into the vagina; therefore, it is suitable for women who have had sexual intercourse. For those without sexual experience, only a transabdominal ultrasound can be performed.
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This method allows direct imaging of the uterus, cervix, and ovaries. Compared with standard abdominal ultrasound, transvaginal ultrasound provides greater accuracy, enabling physicians to assess the patient’s condition more precisely.

Drink about 500–1000 mL of water or other fluids approximately 1 hour before the examination and do not urinate, so that the bladder becomes fully distended. This helps displace the intestines and other pelvic organs or gases, allowing the area to be examined to be visualized more clearly.

Your doctor will recommend a follow-up schedule based on the condition of your uterus and ovaries. In general, routine screening can be done about once a year, and it's often suggested to combine it with a Pap smear.

For stable uterine fibroids, follow-up is typically recommended every 6 months. For ovarian cysts that appear benign on imaging, follow-up is usually advised every 3 months.

However, under Taiwan's National Health Insurance, ultrasound examination is only covered once every 3 months. If more frequent ultrasounds are needed within a short period due to gynecological issues, you need to pay about 500–1000 NTD.